Concrete Wall Results

Concrete wall results are presented in the Wall Panel Design spreadsheet on the Concrete tabs, the Concrete Reinforcing spreadsheet on the Concrete Wall tab and the detail reports. Results are reported on a region by region basis.

Concrete Wall Spreadsheet Results

The Wall Panel Design spreadsheet contains one tab that involve concrete wall design: Concrete Wall, . Each tab gives code checks based on the chosen concrete code and can be used as a summary of all of the walls and wall regions in your model. To get detailed information about each region, you can see the Wall Panel Detail Report.

Note:

Concrete lintel results are not given in the output spreadsheets because the program analyzes them without designing. You must go to the detail report to see lintel analysis results.
If a wall panel is set to Transfer forces, then regions above and below opening will not have results. See the Concrete Wall - Design Rules topic for more information.

The Axial UC entry gives the maximum code check due to axial force.

The LC columns report the load combination that produces each of the highest code check values.

The Pn*Phi reports the axial capacity of the wall.

Concrete Reinforcing Spreadsheet Results

The Concrete Wall tab contains reinforcement results for each region in a concrete wall panel.

Note:

If a wall panel is set to Transfer forces, then regions above and below opening will not have results. See the Concrete Wall - Design Rules topic for more information.

Concrete Wall

The Concrete Wall tab displays the thickness, horizontal and vertical reinforcement sizes, and spacing for each region in the concrete wall.

Concrete Wall Detail Reports

The detail reports show the overall geometry, analysis, and design for the individual regions/stories of the wall panel. The report also shows envelope diagrams for the forces and moments in the region.

Three basic types of detail reports are provided: Wall, Region and Opening.

Accessing the Detail Reports and the Specific Windows

Once you have a solved model, the detail reports become available. They are accessible in two ways:

If you have the Wall Results spreadsheet open, there will be a button at the top of the screen:. This will open up the detail report window.
If you are in a graphic view of your model, there is a button on the Selection toolbar. Clicking this button and clicking on a wall panel will open up the detail report window for that wall panel.

Note:

If a wall panel is set to Transfer forces, then regions above and below opening will not have results. See the Concrete Wall - Design Rules topic for more information.

Once the detail report window is open, you will see a dialog area at the top.

These options control the display of the Detail Report:

- The arrow buttons allow you to scroll quickly between the different wall panels in your model.
- This button will allow you to take a snapshot of the current detail report you are viewing so that it can be added to a report. View the Printing topic for more information.

- The first drop down list allows you to select between individual Region and Opening (Lintel) results and a summary of the entire Wall. Below we will explain the importance of each of these sections.

- The second drop down list allows you to select between different Regions or Openings within the individual wall panel.

- If you have selected a Region, then you have the option of whether to view the in plane or out of plane report.

Wall Report

This report gives an overview of the wall, a summary of the controlling code checks and deflection information. This report also displays information about the wall, similar to the Region Input Echo and also gives an image of the wall. The image shows region locations, wall length and story dimensions, and the nodes that define the corners of the wall panel.

The Region Results section gives the tabulated results of all regions in the wall for in plane design axial/bending, shear and deflection for quick reference. You can view the individual region reports to get a more detailed explanation of these values.

The Reinforcement Results section gives the reinforcement results for each region in the wall.

Region Report - In Plane

This window gives information for your wall on a region by region basis. The Region detail report is split into four portions: input echo, diagrams and design, wall section properties and cross section detailing.

Note:

In RISAFloor, the detail reports are less detailed because RISAFloor does not consider lateral forces.

Input Echo

Below is the input echo portion of the detail report.

Criteria	Description
Code	Gives the code used to design the wall.
Design Rule	Gives the design rule used to design reinforcement and cover for the wall.
Loc of r/f	States whether reinforcement is defined at each face of the wall or centered.
Outer Bars	States whether the outer bar in the wall is vertical or horizontal.
Bar Size	States the bar size for both horizontal and vertical reinforcement
Bar Spacing	States the bar spacing for both horizontal and vertical reinforcement
Group Wall?	States whether the regions in the wall are grouped or not. See the Concrete Wall - Design Rules topic for more information.

Materials	Description
Material Set	States the Material used for the design of the wall.
Concrete f'c	States the compressive strength of the concrete.
Concrete E	States the modulus of elasticity of the concrete.
Concrete G	States the shear modulus of the concrete.
Conc Density	States the unit density of concrete used for self-weight calculations.
Lambda	States the lightweight concrete factor for shear design.
Conc Str Blk	States whether a rectangular (Whitney's) or parabolic stress block was used.
Bar Fy	States the reinforcement strength for both vertical and horizontal bars
Steel E	States the modulus of elasticity for reinforcement.

Geometry	Description
Wall Dimensions	States the height, length, and thickness of the wall panel region.
Cover Dimensions	States the interior, exterior, and edge reinf. cover dimensions.
K	States the effective length factor which is used in determining slenderness of the wall.
Use Cracked?	States whether a wall is considered to be cracked or not. Defines whether or not to use cracking in the determination of the moment of inertia.
Icr Factor	States the factor that Igross is multiplied by to get the cracked moment of inertia. This defaults to 0.7 for in plane and 0.35 for out of plane.
Parapet Height	Additional height from the Wall Panels spreadsheet

Diagrams and Design

Envelope Diagrams

These diagrams show the axial forces in the wall region. The results give an envelope solution of all load combinations .

Because the enveloped results displayed are always the maximum values and because axial and bending forces are checked per their combined effects, the forces in the envelope diagrams won't necessarily be the forces that the wall region is designed to. For example, if there is a high bending moment at the top of a wall region and a high axial force at the base of the wall region, the program will do a check at each location up the wall region, considering the shear and moment at that location for THAT load combination. Thus, the maximum axial force given at the location of maximum bending may NOT be the axial force for the LC that produced the maximum bending.

Code Check Summary

This portion of the report gives the capacity and strength values at the section in the wall region where the combined check is maximum, as well as the governing load combination. Much of this information is also reported in the Concrete Wall Panel Design spreadsheets.

Axial Details

The demand and capacities here are presented on a per foot length of the wall region. Thus, for demand the program will take the axial tension/compression over the entire wall region and divide it by the length of the wall region. The axial capacity is also based on the capacity of the entire wall divided by the length. For more information on tension/compression capacity of concrete walls, see the Concrete Wall - Design topic.

Note:

The program is not currently considering slenderness for gravity-only walls. The ACI code specifies a minimum moment demand and then factors that demand to consider slenderness. This factored minimum moment will be considered in a future version of the program.

Wall Section Properties

This section reports the properties used to calculate the wall capacities. The reinforcement details (minimums and provided area) are reported.

Cross Section Detailing

The last section of the detail report consists of a graphic cross-sectional view of the wall. This view gives cover dimensions, reinforcement size and spacing, and the wall thickness for placement verification.

Concrete Lintel Report

Lintels - Criteria / Materials / Geometry

The firstsection of the detail report echoes back the basic input parameters (Criteria, Materials, Geometry) entered by the user. An example is shown below:

Since the lintel is not being designed, much of this information is not used but is displayed for reference.

Information	Description
Total Length	This is the width of the opening that the lintel is spanning.
Thickness	This is the thickness of the wall.
Other Information	All of the other information is general information for the overall wall.